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For more information about Cause and Effect please visit our website at http://www.1to1therapy.ca/ HOW CAN YOU IMPROVE CAUSE AND EFFECT? - Your child will benefit from a natural learning environment when learning cause and effect during daily interactions. - Your child will communicate to you using facial expressions, gestures, sounds and words. When your child communicates make sure you respond immediately. This helps your child to learn that when they say a sound or word, you will respond. For example, when your child says, “ba” and points to a ball, you will give your child the ball and say “ball”. This helps your child to learn that when he says a word, you will respond with actions and words. - Even if your baby is not yet using words, you need to respond to his facial expressions, vocalizations, gestures and body movements. If your infant begins to open his mouth, stick out his tongue and move his head in your direction you may interpret this action as needing to be fed. You interpret and say, “You’re hungry” and you feed him. - Encourage your child to explore objects and toys by touching, banging, shaking, and rolling. - Interpret your child’s actions. “You squeezed Elmo’s tummy to make him laugh!” or “Oh no! Spoon fell on the floor, Mommy will pick it up.” - Give your child the opportunity to touch different textures such as soft, hard, bumpy and gooey. Allow your child to explore and to get his hands messy when learning to eat. - Play “people games” where you disappear and reappear. Play Peek-a-Boo. Cover an object with a blanket and then discover it by pulling the blanket off. This helps your child to develop an important cognitive skill called object permanence. The cause and effect relationship is an important developmental milestone for language and learning. Your child will begin to learn the cause and effect relationship in infancy and gradually begin to use more sophisticated forms of communication including words.

For more information about Self-Regulation please visit our website at http://www.1to1therapy.ca/ Self-Regulation (the ability to remain in a calm state and control your body) INTRODUCTION: - How does your child’s ability to regulate behaviour, emotions and thoughts impact learning ability? - The term self-regulation is your child’s ability to respond appropriately to the environment by regulating thoughts, emotions and behaviours. It is your infant’s response to a loud noise by sucking his thumb to self-soothe, or your toddler’s ability to inhibit an inappropriate response such as throwing a book or screaming in the grocery store.

For more information about Joint Attention please visit our website at http://www.1to1therapy.ca/ HOW DO YOU IMPROVE JOINT ATTENTION? Here are some tips: - Your child will benefit from less structured natural interactions - Your child will learn best through play and natural interactions such as feeding and bathing - Get down to your child’s level, be face to face - Use an animated voice with exaggerated facial expressions - Imitate your child’s facial expressions, sounds, words and actions - Use toys or objects that your child finds interesting or motivating. Children under 2 years of age enjoy cause and effect toys. - Observe your child and wait to see what he’s interested in. - Follow your child’s interest by labeling objects and actions using single words or short phrases. - Sing to your child - Show your child books, turn the pages and point to pictures

For more information about Cause and Effect please visit our website at http://www.1to1therapy.ca/ INTRODUCTION: - During the first year of life your child will learn the concept of Cause and Effect. This allows your child to learn that he can make things happen. - At 3-6 months, infants will hear a loud noise and turn their head in that direction, explore toys with their mouth and hands or kick their legs to make a mobile move. - At 8 months, babies will shake a toy to hear the sound, bang a spoon to hear the sound, splash hands in water, push a button to watch a figure pop up, and clap hands to start an interaction with a parent. - At 12 months, they will bang blocks together and drop objects from the high chair to be picked up. - Between 18-24 months, toddlers will try to wind up a toy, build a tower and knock it down, bang pots and pans and roll a car.